The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology and an important stage of development in the "informatization" era. Its English name is: "Internet of things (IoT)". As the name suggests, the Internet of Things is the Internet of Things. This has two meanings: one is that the core and foundation of the Internet of Things is still the Internet, which is an extended and expanded network based on the Internet; and the other is that the user terminal extends and expands to any items and information. Exchange and communication, that is, the cessation of things. The Internet of Things is widely used in the convergence of networks through communication perception technologies such as intelligent perception, identification technology and pervasive computing. It is therefore called the third wave of the world's information industry development after computers and the Internet. The Internet of Things is an application extension of the Internet. Rather than saying that the Internet of Things is a network, it is better to say that the Internet of Things is business and applications. Therefore, application innovation is the core of the development of the Internet of Things, and innovation 2.0 with user experience as the core is the soul of the development of the Internet of Things.

  The practice of the Internet of Things in 1990 can be traced back to Xerox's online cola vending machine in 1990——Networked Coke Machine。

  In 1999, Professor Kevin Ash-ton of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) first proposed the concept of the Internet of Things.

  In 2006, South Korea established the u-Korea plan, which aims to build an ubiquitous society, build intelligent networks (such as IPv6, BcN, USN) and various new applications (such as DMB, Telematics, RFID), so that people can enjoy technology smart services anytime, anywhere. In 2009, the Korea Communications Commission issued the "Basic Plan for the Construction of the Internet of Things Infrastructure", which identified the Internet of Things as a new growth driver, and proposed that by 2012, "the world ’s most advanced IoT infrastructure implementation will be built to create a superb future in the field of broadcasting and communications convergence." ICT Power "goal.

  In China, the second China Mobile Government Affairs Symposium "Knowledge Society and Innovation 2.0" held in Peking University in November of the same year proposed that the development of mobile technology and the Internet of Things technology represents the formation of a new generation of information technology and has driven economic and social formation The change of innovation patterns has promoted the formation of a next-generation innovation (innovation 2.0) pattern with a user experience as the core for a knowledge society. Innovation and development have paid more attention to users and people-oriented. The formation of Innovation 2.0 has further promoted the healthy development of the new generation of information technology.

  2009年1On 28th, after taking office, Obama held a "round table" with American business leaders. As one of the only two representatives, IBM CEO Peng Mingsheng first proposed the concept of "Smart Earth" and suggested a new The government invests in a new generation of smart infrastructure. At that time, the United States listed new energy and the Internet of Things as the two major priorities for revitalizing the economy. At the 2009 IBM Forum on February 24, 2009, Qian Daqun, CEO of IBM Greater China, announced the latest strategy called "Smart Earth". Once this concept was proposed, it attracted great attention from all walks of life in the United States. Some analysts even thought that the IBM company's concept would most likely rise to the United States' national strategy and cause a sensation worldwide.

  In August 2009, Wen Jiabao's "Perceive China" speech pushed the research and application development of China's Internet of Things field to the climax. Wuxi took the lead in establishing the "Perceive China" research center. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, operators, and many universities in Wuxi The Internet of Things Research Institute was established, and Wuxi Jiangnan University also established the nation's first physical IoT factory college. Since Premier Wen proposed "Perceive China", the Internet of Things has been officially listed as one of the country's five emerging strategic industries and written in the "Government Work Report". The Internet of Things has received great attention from the whole society in China, and its degree of attention It is unparalleled in the United States, the European Union, and other countries. [3] The concept of the Internet of Things is already a "Made in China" concept. Its coverage has kept pace with the times and has exceeded the scope of Professor Ashton in 1999 and the 2005 ITU report. Chinese style "label. As of 2010, ministries and commissions such as the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are working with relevant departments to conduct research on new-generation information technology to form new policies and measures to support new-generation information technology, thereby promoting the development of China's economy. The Internet of Things is a strategic emerging industry with a new economic growth point, and has good market benefits. According to the "2014-2018 China Internet of Things Industry Application Field Market Demand and Investment Forecast Analysis Report" data shows that in 2010, the Internet of Things in security, transportation, The market scales in the power and logistics fields are 60 billion yuan, 30 billion yuan, 28 billion yuan, and 15 billion yuan, respectively. In 2011, the market size of China's Internet of Things industry reached more than 260 billion yuan.

定义

It was originally proposed in 1999: to connect any item to the Internet through radio frequency identification (RFID) (RFID + Internet), infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners, gas sensors and other information sensing equipment A network for information exchange and communication to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management. In short, the Internet of Things is the "Internet of Things."

The China Internet of Things School-Enterprise Alliance defines the Internet of Things as the combination of almost all current technologies with computers and Internet technologies to achieve objects-to-objects: real-time real-time sharing of environmental and status information and intelligent collection, transmission, processing, and execution . Broadly speaking, the current application of information technology can be included in the category of the Internet of Things. [3] In its famous technology fusion model, the Internet of Things is proposed as the technology concept and application closest to the top of the model. The Internet of Things is an information-bearing body based on the Internet, traditional telecommunications networks, and the like, allowing all ordinary physical objects that can be independently addressed to achieve interconnection and interconnection. It has three important characteristics: smart, advanced, and interconnected.

The ITU Internet Report issued by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) defines the Internet of Things as follows: information sensing through two-dimensional code reading devices, radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, infrared sensors, global positioning systems, and laser scanners The device, according to the agreed protocol, connects any item with the Internet for information exchange and communication to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management. According to the definition of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Internet of Things mainly addresses the interaction between things and things (Thing to Thing, T2T), people and things (Human to Thing, H2T), and people (Human to Human, H2H) even. But unlike the traditional Internet, H2T refers to the use of connections between common devices and items, which makes the connection of items more simplified, while H2H refers to the interconnection between people that does not rely on a PC. Because the Internet does not take into account the issue of connection to any item, we use the Internet of Things to solve this traditional problem. The Internet of Things, as its name implies, is a network of connected items. Many scholars discuss the Internet of Things, and often introduce the concept of M2M, which can be interpreted as being Man to Man, Man to Machine, and Machine to Machine. In terms of people, most of the interactions between people and machines are to realize the information interaction between people. The Internet of Things refers to a huge network formed by combining various kinds of information sensing equipment in real time to collect all kinds of required information such as objects or processes that need to be monitored, connected, and interacted with the Internet. The purpose is to realize the connection between things and things, things and people, all things and the network, and facilitate identification, management and control.

Its industrial scale in 2011 exceeded 260 billion yuan. The supporting layer, sensing layer, transmission layer, platform layer and application layer of the five levels of the Internet of things industry respectively account for 2.7%, 22.0%, 33.1%, 37.5% and 4.7% of the scale of the Internet of things industry. However, the perception layer and transmission layer of the Internet of things are involved in many manufacturers, which has become the most competitive field in the industry. In terms of industrial distribution, the domestic Internet of things industry has initially formed an overall industrial spatial pattern of agglomeration development in four regions, including the Bohai Sea, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the central and western regions. Among them, the industrial scale of the Yangtze River Delta ranks first among the four regions. At the same time, the proposal of the Internet of things has laid a foundation for the construction of National Smart City, realizing the interconnection and collaborative sharing of smart city. Comparative study on the architecture and implementation methods of the Internet of things published in the Journal of computer science [4]  In this paper, the architecture and implementation method are introduced.